Vermouth is a fortified, aromatized wine infused with a blend of botanicals, herbs, and spices. It is made by taking a base wine, fortifying it with neutral spirits, and flavoring it with a variety of ingredients, including wormwood (Artemisia absinthium), which is legally required for vermouth, along with citrus peels, cloves, cinnamon, and chamomile.
Vermouth is traditionally categorized into two main styles: Dry (white) vermouth – Crisp, herbaceous, and often floral, commonly used in Martinis. Sweet (red) vermouth – Rich, slightly bitter, with caramelized and spiced notes, essential for cocktails like the Negroni and Manhattan.
Originating in Italy and France, vermouth is a key ingredient in mixology but is also enjoyed neat, over ice, or with soda as an aperitif. French vermouths are known for their dry, delicate character, while Italian vermouths tend to be richer and more herbal. Its complex balance of bitterness, sweetness, and aromatics makes vermouth a staple in both classic and modern cocktails.